Mustard: Super health food?

Could mustard--yes, the yellow condiment you smear on hot dogs--be a super heart healthy food in disguise?

Consider that mustard contains:

Vinegar

Turmeric

No appreciable sugar


The vinegar slows gastric emptying, resulting in slower absorption of any carbohydrates and a reduced glucose area-under-the-curve. Of the little fats contained (about 3 grams per 1/4 cup), most are desirable monounsaturates. Mustards are relatively rich in selenium, with 20 mcg per 1/4 cup, helpful for protection against cancer and thyroid disease, and magnesium, 31 mg per 1/4 cup.

Turmeric is added to most mustards. One of the constituents of turmeric, curcumin, the substance that confers the bright yellow color, has been a focus of interest for its anti-inflammatory effects. Curcumin has been documented to reduce activity of the inflammatory enzymes cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), lipoxygenase, and reduce activity of inflammatory signal molecules, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin (IL)-1,2,6,8, and 12, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP). Curcumin also has been shown to reduce LDL oxidation, a potentially important step in atherosclerotic plaque formation. Turmeric is used as a tea by Okinawans. (Hmmmm . . . )

Turmeric content of mustard can vary, of course. Likewise, sugar content. Look for mustards that are not sweetened, so avoid honey mustard in particular. Look for hot, brown, horseradish, Dijon, etc. If there is a downside to mustard, it's sodium content, though the 709 mg per 1/4 cup should only be a problem for those who are sodium-sensitive (African Americans, in particular).

So perhaps mustard isn't exactly a super health food. But it may have some bona fide health effects and should be used generously especially if you are concerned about blood sugar and inflammatory phenomena.

Comments (32) -

  • Anonymous

    3/6/2010 4:21:13 PM |

    Hmmm.... I might have to pick up some mustard next time at the health shop.  Turmeric is the only herbal extract I take.  Basically it makes me feel well.

  • Anonymous

    3/6/2010 4:23:34 PM |

    Keep in mind that almost all brands of mustard have gluten in them.  For some reason they tend to use non-distilled malt vinegar to make mustard.  All distilled vinegars are gluten free, and there are a few brands of good gluten free mustard.

  • Dexter

    3/6/2010 9:09:21 PM |

    Since reading about the benefits of cucurmin at Nephropal and the benefits of cinnamon on BG, I have started the practice every morning of melting one tbsp of coconut oil and one tbsp of butter together and then mixing in a teaspoon of
    cinnamon and a teaspoon of tumeric.

  • dave

    3/7/2010 1:22:50 AM |

    i just take 500 mg. of curcumin. I find it to raise my HDL also

  • Michaela

    3/7/2010 4:31:51 AM |

    I'm pleased to read that, I've been giving a Turmeric Curcumin supplement to my CHF sufferer for many months now.

  • Peter

    3/7/2010 10:42:06 AM |

    I've been trying to figure out why southern India (with it's rice diet) has much higher heart disease rates than northern India with it's wheat diet, and one theory that I read said that in the north they use a lot of mustard seed oil for cooking.

  • chris

    3/7/2010 12:39:49 PM |

    Most other brassica cultivars seems well loaded with good things, though i've not read much on rapeseed.

  • Anonymous

    3/7/2010 7:16:40 PM |

    As far as slowing gastric emptying, does it matter when vinegar or cinnamon is ingested?

  • Lori Miller

    3/7/2010 9:11:18 PM |

    Using mustard is a good way to keep a lean burger moist. I make a thin patty, squeeze a lot of mustard on top, put on a few spoonfuls of minced garlic and spread it evenly. I sprinkle dried rosemary on top and broil the burger for 10 minutes. Cooking mellows the flavors. (Recipe inspired by chef Nick Stellino.)

  • Wild Mountain Gourmet

    3/8/2010 5:07:56 PM |

    Very interesting perspective on mustard. We are familiar with some of the benefits, but weren't aware of the anti-inflamatory piece. Thanks for sharing,  Wild Mountain Gourmet!

  • Anand Srivastava

    3/8/2010 9:08:22 PM |

    For Indians mustard means mustard. It does not mean Turmeric or Vinegar.

    We generally use mustard as itself in preparing curry. Its required for most fish dishes.

    Mustard oil was the second most popular oil, after ghee. Now it has a higher usage than ghee, because vegetable oil has replaced ghee.

    Virgin Mustard oil contains a balance of O3 and O6 (1:1.4), which is better than canola.

  • Anonymous

    3/10/2010 1:13:55 AM |

    what brands of mustard are GF?

  • Ateronon

    3/10/2010 7:15:16 PM |

    Don't forget to take pepper with your turmeric. Makes a 20 fold difference in its bioavailabilty.

  • Tom

    3/10/2010 8:00:19 PM |

    Only yellow mustard generally contains turmeric. Most brown mustards (Dijon, Dusseldorf, etc.) do not, although they're still very healthy and delicious.

    Curry powder contains turmeric, so any curry dish has that benefit as well.

  • jacque k

    3/11/2010 8:34:28 PM |

    You can also add turmeric to a vinegar and olive oil salad dressing--no gluten or sodium. And remember to sprinkle pepper on the salad, too.

  • P

    3/13/2010 12:27:18 AM |

    I have to second Ananad. This is way Indians eat regularly. We eat mustard everyday! We eat turmeric everyday! If I have sore throat or feel a cold coming, I take a tsp of turmeric powder with hot milk. Feel just fine next day. People in India also use turmeric powder directly over wounds too!

  • Cure Acne

    6/12/2010 5:45:39 AM |

    I make a thin patty, squeeze a lot of mustard on top, put on a few spoonfuls of minced garlic and spread it evenly.

  • Teeth Whitening

    6/12/2010 8:39:16 AM |

    Very interesting post. Thanks for you information. Mustard is not a super healthy food.

  • E Xtenze

    6/13/2010 4:26:11 AM |

    Yes, you are right man, mustard a secret of super health, but if you take it in very low quantity.

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  • buy jeans

    11/3/2010 2:19:21 PM |

    Turmeric content of mustard can vary, of course. Likewise, sugar content. Look for mustards that are not sweetened, so avoid honey mustard in particular. Look for hot, brown, horseradish, Dijon, etc. If there is a downside to mustard, it's sodium content, though the 709 mg per 1/4 cup should only be a problem for those who are sodium-sensitive (African Americans, in particular).

  • Atlanta cosmetic surgery

    12/5/2010 5:00:06 AM |

    There are spices that are very good for health and should be consumed regularly.Turmeric is also very good for keeping worms at bay.

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  • revision rhinoplasty beverly hills

    1/27/2011 6:36:22 PM |

    Turmeric has antiseptic qualities and is much used in the Asian countries.Vinegar is used more in the west...so some fusion food with all these ingredients could make some very good health diet eh?

  • rose

    5/28/2011 7:11:45 PM |

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  • Matt

    2/7/2012 9:28:10 PM |

    Nice writeup. So true, there are benefits to eating mustard!! Check out our varieties...  Wild Mountain Gourmet

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In search of wheat: Emmer

In search of wheat: Emmer

While einkorn is a 14-chromosome ancient wheat (containing the so-called "A" genome), emmer is a 28-chromosome wheat (containing the "A" and "B" genomes, the "B" likely contributed by goat grass 9000 years ago).

Both einkorn and emmer originally grew wild in the Fertile Crescent, allowing Neolithic Natufians to harvest the wild grasses with stone sickles and grind the seeds into porridge.

Having tested einkorn with only a modest rise in blood sugar but without the gastrointestinal or neurological effects I experienced with conventional whole wheat bread, I next tested bread made with emmer grain.

The emmer grain was ground just like the other two grains, cardiac dietitian Margaret Pfeiffer doing all the work of grinding and baking. Margaret added nothing but water, yeast, and a little salt. The emmer rose a little more than einkorn, but not to the degree of conventional whole wheat.

I tested my blood sugar beforehand: 89 mg/dl. I then ate 4 oz of the emmer bread. It tasted very similar to conventional whole wheat, but not as nutty as einkorn. Also not as heavy as einkorn, only slightly heavier than conventional whole wheat.

One hour later, blood sugar: 147 mg/dl. I felt slightly queasy for about 2-3 hours, but that was the end of it. No abdominal cramps, no sleep disturbance or crazy dreams, no nausea, no change in ability to concentrate.

I asked four other wheat-sensitive people to try the emmer bread. Likewise, nobody reacted negatively (though nobody tested blood sugar).

So it seems to me, based on this small, unscientific experience, that ancient einkorn (A) and emmer (AB) wheat seem to act like carbohydrates, similar to, say, rice or quinoa, but lack many of the other adverse effects induced by conventional wheat.

Modern wheat , Triticum aestivum, contains variations on the "A," "B," and "D" genomes, the "D" contributed by hybridization with Triticum tauschii at about the same time that emmer wheat hybridization occurred. It is likely that proteins coded by the "D" genome are the source of most of the problems with wheat products: immune, neurologic, gastrointestinal destruction, airway inflammation (asthma), increase in appetite, etc. This is consistent with observations made in studies that attempt to pinpoint the gliadin proteins that trigger celiac, the area in which much of this research originates.

If I ever would like an indulgence of cookies or cupcakes, I think that I will order some more einkorn grain from Eli Rogosa.

Comments (13) -

  • Stephan

    6/23/2010 5:24:11 PM |

    Thanks for subjecting yourself to these experiments!  Very interesting.  I have a friend who reacts poorly to wheat but tolerates spelt.

  • Anonymous

    6/23/2010 5:35:44 PM |

    Wheat is eaten everywhere in the world. I'd hope GM crop scientists design a variety which can solve this problem.

  • k

    6/24/2010 2:40:27 AM |

    If I am not mistaken, corn is also the result of the domestication of wild grasses existing some 8,000 years ago. Fooling with mother nature put us on a collision course with consequences.

  • Anne

    6/25/2010 2:25:31 AM |

    My concern is that the body could be reacting without symptoms. Could  these ancient grains cause inflammation even though there is no obvious reaction? I have lived 7 years without gluten and have no desire to add it back to my diet. Before I eliminated gluten I was very ill. It is not worth the risk to me.

  • Anonymous

    6/25/2010 4:11:10 AM |

    Dr. Davis,

    In your experience, in terms of small LDL and the like, what's better: a high peak of 150 that's brought down relatively quickly or a lower peak, but extended over a longer duration?

    Thanks,
    David

  • Dr. William Davis

    6/25/2010 3:25:38 PM |

    Anne--

    Please don't interpret these casual observations to mean that we should eat einkorn.

    My goal with this little experience is to gain an understanding of where along the way of wheat's 10,000+ year human consumption history did things go wrong.

    It seems to me that humans could have gotten away with eating einkorn much more freely, with fewer health problems than with modern wheat. I still would like to know where the extreme adverse effects were acquired, however. I suspect this occured in the 1960s and 1970s with the hybridization experiments conducted in Mexico. more on that later.

  • Dr. William Davis

    6/25/2010 3:26:15 PM |

    Anon--

    No data. I suspect that the high peak is worse, but that is based on no formal data.

  • Anonymous

    6/26/2010 9:48:57 AM |

    FODMAPs comprise a monosaccharide (fructose), a disaccharide (lactose), oligosaccharides (fructans and galactans), and polyols.

    In one study, as obese people lose weight, the balance between the Firmicutes and the Bacteroidetes changes - the latter increasing in abundance as an overweight person gets slimmer.

    Fructans, found in wheat, are fermented by bacteria in the large intestine into short chain fatty acids.


    Besides human metabolism, the digestion of wheat is also affected by how it is metabolized by the particular intestinal flora inhabiting a person.


    Sources:

    Evidence-based dietary management of functional gastrointestinal symptoms: The FODMAP approach

    An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest


    Food tables: fructose




    Fructose in the diet appears to be even more dangerous in the presence of trans-fats.


    Source:

    High Levels of Fructose, Trans Fats Lead to Significant Liver Disease, Says Study

    "The investigators found that mice fed the normal calorie chow diet remained lean and did not have fatty liver disease. Mice fed high calorie diets (trans-fat alone or a combination of trans-fat and high fructose) became obese and had fatty liver disease.

    "Interestingly, it was only the group fed the combination of trans-fat and high fructose which developed the advanced fatty liver disease which had fibrosis," says Dr. Kohli. "This same group also had increased oxidative stress in the liver, increased inflammatory cells, and increased levels of plasma oxidative stress markers.""

  • Tom Moertel

    6/26/2010 7:47:08 PM |

    Your experience with einkorn and emmer is interesting. They do not seem to cause you the problems that wheat does, and that evidence supports the theory that they are less harmful than wheat.  But the same evidence makes another theory equally plausible: that foods such as wheat harm you through pathways that form only through repeated exposure.  Under this theory, einkorn and emmer could be just as harmful as wheat but, being novel to your diet, haven't had enough time for their pathways to form.

    It would be interesting, then, to learn what happens if you were to incorporate einkorn or emmer into your diet more regularly.

  • carrmh37

    6/27/2010 1:48:06 AM |

    This abstract would seem to support your view that it may be a modern phenomenon.

    Journal of Medicinal Food
    Effects of Short-Term Consumption of Bread Obtained by an Old Italian Grain Variety on Lipid, Inflammatory, and Hemorheological Variables: An Intervention Study

    http://www.liebertonline.com/doi/abs/10.1089/jmf.2009.0092

    Michael

  • Anya

    9/9/2010 11:45:05 AM |

    Naturopath David Getoff recently did a podcast on this subject, it is worth listening to: http://naturopath4you.com/mp3s/Gluten%202010%20Final.MP3

  • lindaharper

    9/11/2010 8:47:02 PM |

    Just wondering if you have experimented with fermenting the wheat or sprouting wheat and then drying it to make bread. I've read  that making bread through this method helps celiac problems and wondered if there is a connection  since soaking and/or sprouting neutralizes the phytic acid and supposedly aids in digestion and keeps blood sugars from rising as much.

  • Janet Creamer

    11/30/2012 3:07:09 AM |

    Wondering if there is a difference in European wheat types verses American. I have illness, vomiting and nausea when I consume wheat here in the US. But when I tried it in France, Germany and Switzerland, I did not have any problems. I thought it might be the way US wheat is processed, but it might be the wheat type, as well.

    Thank you,
    Janet Creamer

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