No BS weight loss

If there's something out there on the market for weight loss, we've tried it. By we, I mean myself along with many people and patients around me willing to try various new strategies.

Maybe you say: "Well that's not a clinical trial. How can we know that there aren't small effects?"

Who cares about small effects? If a weight loss strategy causes you to lose 1.2 lbs over 3 months--who cares? Sure, it may count towards a slight measure of health in a 230 lb 5 ft 3 inch woman. But it is insufficient to engage that person's interest and keep them on track. That little result, in fact, will discourage interest in weight loss and cause someone to return to previous behaviors.

What I'm talking about is BIG weight loss--20 lbs the first month, 40 lbs over 4 months, 50-60 lbs over 6 months.

Right now, there are only three things that I know of that yield such enormous effects:

1) Elimination of wheat, cornstarch, and sugars

2) Thyroid normalization (I don't mean following what the laboratory says is "normal")

3) Intermittent fasting


Combine all three in various ways and the results are accelerated even more.

Self-directed health is ALREADY here

It can't happen.

People are too stupid/ignorant/lazy or simply don't care.

It is irresponsible. People will misuse, abuse, misdiagnose, fail to recognize all manner of medical conditions.



It's all true. Most of the medical establishment believes it. And it is self-fulfulling: If you believe it, it will happen.

But it's not true for everybody. If readers of this blog, for instance, were to view the conversations we have in our Track Your Plaque Forum, you would immediately recognize that we have a following that is more sophisticated and knowledgeable about coronary heart disease than 90% of cardiologists. That is really something. Perhaps they can't put in a stent or defibrillator, but they understand an enormous amount about this disease we are all trying to control and reverse, sufficient to seize control over much of their own healthcare for this process and related conditons.

Anyway, self-directed health is already here. And it's happening on an incredible scale.

Witness:

--Nutritional supplements--Now a $21 billion (annual revenues) phenomenon, booming sales of nutritional supplements are a powerful testimonial to the enthuasiasm of the public for self-directed health treatments. Sure, there are plenty of junk supplements out there, but there are also many spectacularly effective products. Information, not marketing, will help tell the difference. Over the long-run, the truth will win out.

The 1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act has allowed the definition of “nutritional supplement” to be stretched to the limit. "Nutritional supplements" includes obviously non-nutritional (though still potentially interesting) products like the hormones pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and melatonin to be sold on the same shelf as vitamin C. There are also amino acids, polysaccharides, minerals and trace minerals, herbal preparations, flavonoids, carotenoids, antioxidants, phytonutrients.

In fact, I believe that the nutritional supplement pipeline is likely to yield far more exciting and effective products than the drug research pipeline! And you will have access to all of it--without your doctor's involvement.

--Self-ordered laboratory testing--In every state except New York and California, an individual can obtain his or her own laboratory testing. New services are appearing to service this consumer segment. As more people become frustrated with the silly gatekeeping function of their primary care physician and as more people gain more control over some of their healthcare dollars through medical savings accounts, flex-spending, and high-deductible health insurance, more are shopping for cost-saving, self-ordered lab testing. Even at-home lab tests are becoming available, such as ZRT Lab tests we make available through Track Your Plaque.

(In California, a doctor's order, or an order from a health professional allowed to prescribe, is still required which, for most people, is just a formality. Just ask your doctor to sign the form with the tests you'd like. Only the most cretinous of physicians will refuse, in which case you should say goodbye. New York is the only state in the U.S. that still dunks women to see if they float, divines the entrails of sacrificial cows, and prohibits lab self-testing.)

--Self-ordered medical imaging--Heart scans, full body scans; ultrasound screening for abdominal aneurysms, carotid disease, osteoporosis such as that offered by LifeLine Screening (who does a great job). There's plenty of room here for entrepreneurial types to develop new services, though there will also be battles to fight with hospitals, radiologists, and others invested in the status quo. But it is happening and it will grow.

(By the way, since I've previously been accused of making bundles of money from medical imaging: I have never--NEVER--owned and do not currently own any medical imaging facility.)


So the question is not "will it happen?" It is already happening. The question is how fast will it grow to include a larger segment of the public? How much more of conventional healthcare can it include? How can we develop better unbiased information sources, untainted by marketing, that guide people through the maze of choices?

Fire your stockbroker, fire your doctor

Is it yet time to fire your doctor?

I advocate a model of self-directed health, a style of healthcare in which individuals have the right to direct his or her own healthcare with only the occasional assistance of a physician or healthcare provider.

Healthcare would not be the first industry that converted to such a self-directed model. Remember travel agents? Only 15 years ago, making travel plans meant calling your travel agent to book your arrangements. This was a flawed system, because they worked on commission, thereby impairing incentive to search for the best prices. You were, in effect, at their mercy.

The investment industry is another such example, though on a larger scale.

Up until the 1980s, individual investment was managed by a stockbroker or other money manager. Stockbrokers, analysts, and investment houses commanded the flow of investment in stocks, options, futures, commodities, etc. Individuals lacked access to the methods and knowledge that allowed them to manage their own portfolios. Individuals had no choice but to engage the services of a professional investor. This was also a flawed system. Like travel agents, stockbrokers worked on commission. We've all heard horror stories in which stockbrokers churned accounts, making thousands of dollars in commissions while their clients' portfolios shrunk.

That has all changed.

Today, the process has largely converted to discount brokers and online services used by individuals trading and managing their own portfolios. Stockbrokers and investment houses continue, of course, but are competing for a shrinking piece of the individual investment market. Independent investors now have access to investment tools that didn’t even exist 20 years ago. Companies like E-Trade and Ameritrade now command annual revenues of approximately $2 billion each.

Travel agents, stockbrokers . . . is healthcare next? Can we convert from the paternalistic, “I’m-the-doctor, you’re the patient” relationship to what in which you self-direct your own healthcare and turn to the healthcare system only in unique situations?

I believe that the same revolution that shook the investment industry in the 1980s will seize healthcare in the future. In fact, the transition to self-directed health will dwarf its investing counterpart. It will ripple more broadly through the fabric of American life. Health is a more complicated “product,” with more complex modes of delivery, and more varied levels of need than the investment industry.

I predict that the emergence of health directed by the individual, just as the emergence of self-directed investment, will dominate in the coming years.

While I hope you've already fired your stockbroker, and I doubt that anyone on the internet still uses a travel agent, I wouldn't yet fire your doctor altogether. But I believe that we are approaching a time in which you should begin to take control over your own health and begin to reduce reliance on doctors, drugs, and hospitals.

Blast small LDL to oblivion

Here's a graphic demonstration of the power of wheat elimination to reduce small LDL particles, now the number one cause for heart disease in the U.S.

Lee had suffered a stroke due to an atherosclerotic plaque in a brain artery. She also had plenty of coronary plaque with a heart scan score of 322.

Lee began with an LDL particle number (the "gold standard" for measuring LDL, far superior to conventional calculated LDL) of 2234 nmol/L. This is exceptionally high, the equivalent of an LDL cholesterol of 223 mg/dl (drop the last digit). Of this 2234 nmol/L, 90% were abnormally small, with 1998 nmol/L of small LDL particles.

Lee eliminated wheat products from her diet, as well as cutting out sugars and cornstarch. Six months later, her results:

LDL particle number: 1082 nmol/L--a 52% reduction from the starting value and equivalent to an LDL of 108 mg/dl. Small LDL: zero--yes, zero.

In other words, 100% of Lee's LDL particles had shifted to the more benign large LDL simply with elimination of these foods---NO statin drug. (In addition to wheat elimination, she was also taking vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids at our recommended doses.)

While not everybody responds quite so vigorously due to genetic variation, nor does everyone try as hard as Lee did to eliminate the foods that trigger small LDL, her case provides a great illustration of the power of this strategy.

Buy local, get a goiter

The notion of buying food locally--"buy local"--i.e., food produced in your area, state, or region, is catching on.

And for good reason: Not only do you support your local economy, buying locally saves energy, since food doesn't have to be transported from South America or other faraway locations.

But what about those of us in the Midwest, particularly around the Great Lakes basin, i.e., the region previously known as the "goiter belt"? In the early 20th century, up to a third of the residents of this region had enlarged thyroid glands, or goiters, due to iodine deficiency. Lack of iodine causes the thyroid to enlarge, or "hypertrophy," in an effort to more efficiently extract any available iodine in the blood.

Well, there's been a resurgence of iodine deficiency nationwide with 11.3% of the population severely deficient, representing a four-fold increase since the 1970s.

Why an iodine deficiency? Because more people are avoiding iodized salt, the principal source of iodine for Americans since the FDA introduced its voluntary program for iodization of table salt back in 1924. Approximately 90% of the patients I ask now declare that they use very little iodized table salt. While a few take multimineral or multivitamin supplements that contain iodine, the majority do not. The globalization of the food supply--eat global--however, has softened the blow, since we eat tomatoes from Mexico, blueberries from Argentina, lettuce from the Salinas Valley of California.

Now, we have the growing trend to eat local. In the Midwest, it means that the vegetables, fruits, and meats grown locally will also be iodine depleted, since the soil is also iodine-poor, being so far from the sea.

Ironically, two healthy trends--avoiding salt and eating local--will be accounting for a surge in unsightly neck bulges in the Midwest, as well as an increase in thyroid disease.

The lesson: Avoid salt, eat local, but mind your iodine.

Self-directed thyroid management

Is there an at-home test you can do to gauge thyroid status?

Yes. Measure your temperature.

Unlike a snake or alligator that relies on the sun or its surroundings to regulate body temperature, you and I can internally regulate temperature. The hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid glands are the organs involved in thermoregulation, body temperature regulation. While the system can break down anywhere in the sequence, as well as in other organs (e.g., adrenal), the thyroid is the weak link in the chain.

Thus, temperature assessment can serve as a useful gauge of thyroid adequacy. Unfortunately, temperature measurement as a reflection of thyroid function has not been well explored in clinical studies. It has also been subject to a good deal of unscientific discussions.

How should temperature be measured? The temperature you really desire is between 3 am and 6 am, while still asleep. However, this is difficult to do, since it would require your bed partner to surreptitiously insert a thermometer into some body orifice without disturbing you. A practical solution is to measure temperature first upon arising in the morning, before drinking water, coffee, making the bed, etc.--immediately.

While traditionalists (followers of Dr. Broda Barnes, who first suggested that temperature reflects thyroid function) still advocate axillary (armpit) temperatures, in 2009 it is clear that axillary temperatures are unreliable. Axillary temperatures are inconsistent, vary substantially with the clothing you wear, vary from right to left armpit, ambient temperature, sweat or lack of sweat, and other factors. It also can commonly be 2-3 degrees Fahrenheit below internal ("core") temperature and does not track with internal temperatures through the circadian rhythms of the day (high temperature early evening, lowest temperature 3-6 am).

Rectal, urine, esophageal, tympanic membrane (ear), and forehead are other means to measure body temperature, but are either inconvenient (rectal) or require correction factors to track internal temperature (e.g., forehead and ear). For these reasons, we use oral temperatures. Oral temperatures (on either side of the underside of the tongue) are convenient, track reasonably well with internal temperatures, and are familiar to most people.

Though there are scant data on the distribution of oral temperatures correlated to thyroid function, we find that the often-suggested cutoff of 97.6 degrees Fahrenheit, or 36.4 C, seems to track well with symptoms and thyroid laboratory evaluation (TSH, free T3, and free T4). In other words, oral temp <97.6 F correlates well with symptoms of fatigue, cold hands and feet, mental fogginess, along with high LDL cholesterol, all corrected or improved with thyroid replacement and return of temperature to 97.6 F.

But be careful: There are many factors that can influence oral temperature, including clothing, season, level of fitness, "morningness" (morning people) vs. "nightness" (night owls), relation to menstrual cycle, concurrent medical conditions.

Also, be sure that your thermometer can detect low temperatures. Just because it shows low temperatures of, say 94.0 degrees F, doesn't mean that it can really measure that low. If in doubt, dip your thermometer in cold water for one minute. If an improbable temperature is registered, say, 97.0 F, then you know that your device is incapable of detecting low temps.

A full in-depth Special Report on thermoregulation will be coming soon on the Track Your Plaque website.

Self-directed health: At-home lab testing

I have a prediction.

I predict that more and more healthcare can and will be obtained directly by the individual--without doctors, without hospitals, without the corrupt profit-at-any-costs modus operandi of the pharmaceutical industry. I predict that, given the right tools, Joe or Jane Q. Public will have the choice to manage his or her own health using tools that are directly accessible, tools that include direct-to-consumer medical imaging (CT scans, ultrasound, MRI, etc.), nutritional supplements (a loosely-defined term, to our advantage), and direct-to-consumer laboratory testing.

Done responsibly, self-directed healthcare is superior to healthcare from your doctor. While no one expects you to remove your own gallbladder, you can manage cholesterol, blood sugar issues, vitamin D, low thyroid, and others--better than your doctor.

As everyone becomes more comfortable with the notion of self-directed health, you will see new services appear that help individuals manage their health. You will see prices for direct-to-consumer medical imaging and lab testing drop due to competition, something that doesn't happen in current insurance-based healthcare delivery. People are being exposed to larger deductibles and/or draw money from a medical savings account and will seek more cost advantages. Such direct-to-consumer competitive pricing will meet those needs. Overall, the presently unsustainable cost of healthcare will decline.

To help accelerate the shift of human healthcare away from conventional paths and divert it towards the individual, we have launched a panel of direct-to-consumer at-home laboratory tests that we are making available on the Track Your Plaque website.

On your own (except in California, which requires a doctor's order or prescription; and NY, the only state in the nation that prohibits entirely), you can now test, in the comfort of your own home with no laboratory blood draw required, parameters including:

--Thyroid tests--Free T3, free T4, TSH
--Lipids
--C-reactive protein
--Vitamin D
--Testosterone
--Progesterone

and others.

As the technology improves, more tests will become available for testing at home. (Lipoproteins are not yet available, but will probably be available within the next few years. That would be an enormous boon to those of us interested in supercharged heart disease prevention and reversal.)

Anyone interested in our at-home testing can just go to the Track Your Plaque lab test Marketplace.

When I first began the Track Your Plaque program around 8 years ago, I saw it as a way for people to learn how to control or reverse coronary atherosclerotic plaque, and I'd hoped that physicians would begin to see the light and become patient advocates in this process. But I have lost hope that most of my colleagues are interested in becoming your advocate in health. They are too locked into the "call me when you hurt" mentality. I now see Track Your Plaque as a way for people to seize control over coronary plaque with minimal assistance from their doctors. Indeed, some of our Members have achieved reduction of their plaque in spite of their doctors.

This is just the tip of the iceberg of what's to come. Brace yourself for a cataclysmic shift in returning health to you and away from those who would profit from your misfortune.

Vitamin D for Peter, Paul, and Mary

Why is it that vitamin D deficiency can manifest in so many different ways in different people? One big reason is something called vitamin D receptor (VDR) genotypes, the variation in the receptor for vitamin D.

It means that vitamin D deficiency sustained over many years in:

Peter yields prostate cancer

Paul yields coronary heart disease and diabetes

Mary yields osteoporosis and knee arthritis.


Same deficiency, different diseases.

VDR genotype-determined susceptibility to numerous conditions have been identified, including Graves' thyroiditis, osteoporosis and related bone demineralization diseases, prostate cancer (Fok1 ffI genotype), ovarian cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, breast cancer (Fok1 ff), birth weight of newborns, melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, susceptibility to type I diabetes, Crohn's disease, and neurological or musculoskeletal deterioration with aging that leads to falls, respiratory infections, kidney cancer, even periodontal disease.


Why is it that the dose of vitamin D necessary to reach a specific level differs so widely from one person to the next? VDR genotype, again. Variation in blood levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D from a specific dose of vitamin D can vary three-fold, as shown by a University of Toronto study. In other words, a dose of 4000 units per day may yield a 25-hydroxy vitamin D blood level of 30 ng/ml in Mary, 60 ng/ml in Paul, and 90 ng/ml in Pete--same dose, different blood levels.

Should we all run out and get our VDR genotypes assessed? So far the data have not progressed far enough to tell us. If, for instance, you prove to have the high-risk Fok1 ff genotype, would you do anything different? Would vitamin D supplementation be conducted any differently? I don't believe so.

Virtually all of us should be supplementing vitamin D at a dose that generates healthy blood levels, regardless of VDR genotype. For those of us following the Track Your Plaque program for coronary plaque control and reversal, that means maintaining serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels between 60-70 ng/ml.

As the fascinating research behind VDR genotype susceptibility to disease unfolds, perhaps it will suggest that specific genotypes be somehow managed differently. Until then, take your vitamin D.

Blowup at Milwaukee Heart Scan

A local TV investigative news report just ran a critical report of the goings-on at Milwaukee Heart Scan:

Andy Smith went to Milwaukee Heart Scan. "It passed the smell test like a road kill skunk. I mean it was bad," Smith explained.

Our hidden cameras went inside the high pressure sales pitch. "On a good day I sell eight, nine, 10 people. On a bad day probably three," sales manager Angelo Callegari told us.


What the heck happened?

Let me tell you a story.

Back in 1996, I learned of a new technology called UltraFast CT scanning, or electron-beam tomography (EBT), a variation on the standard CT technology that permitted very rapid scanning, sufficiently rapid to allow visualization of the coronary arteries. Back then, only a few dozen devices had been established nationwide.

But the technology was so promising and the initial data so powerful that I lobbied several hospital systems in town to consider purchasing one of the $1.8 million devices. I was interested in applying this exciting technology for early detection of coronary heart disease in Milwaukee. While administrators from several hospitals listened, they quickly lost interest when they figured out that the scanner was primarily a tool for prevention, and would not be directly useful to increase revenue-generating hospital procedures.

I floundered about for a year, trying to drum up support for obtaining a scanner. The manufacturer of the device, Imatron, put me in touch with a couple from Indiana who were also interested in setting up a scanner and had actually obtained the investment capital to do it. We met and, over the next year, got Milwaukee Heart Scan up and running. I served as Medical Director (but never an investor or owner).

Milwaukee Heart Scan was busy from day one, performing EBT heart scans, as well as CT coronary angiograms as long ago as the late 1990s, virtual colonoscopies, and other imaging tests. We all spent a great deal of time educating the public and physicians on what this technology meant for detection and prevention of disease.

Despite the public's perception that the owners, Nancy and Steve Burlingame, were making a bundle of money, in reality they could barely pay their expenses. As price competition heated up in Milwaukee with the lower-cost competing multidetector scanners cropping up, the Burlingames often did not pay themselves.

My interest was to keep this device afloat. I therefore told the Burlingames that they should pay their bills first--their staff, overhead, the scanner costs, and pay themselves--and not worry about reimbursing me for the (very modest) heart scan interpretation fees. For several years, I read thousands of scans without any compensation. But that was okay with me--I just wanted to be sure this device remained available.

But in 2008, some business people from Chicago contacted Steve Burlingame with prospects of applying a contract model of long-term scanning to patients,i.e.,getting people to sign a several-year contract for discounted imaging. They proposed that Milwaukee Heart Scan offer heart scans for free to get people in the door.

What was peculiar about all this is that none of the four physicians on staff at Milwaukee Heart Scan had any knowledge of these discussions at all, including myself. Personally, I figured something was afoot when I came in to read scans in the summer of 2008. While, ordinarily, there is a single stack of scans to read from the preceding few days, this time there were numerous stacks of scans, hundreds of scans in all. Not a word had been said to me or my colleagues. I quickly figured out (thanks to the staff filling me in) that they had been offering scans for free. Not surprisingly, many people took them up on the offer.

Up until then, I had been readily willing to read heart scans without compensation, provided I could perform scan readings in a modest time commitment every week on the weeks it was my responsibility. But work several hours every day for free? Impossible.

My colleagues and I were deeply upset and concerned and insisted on a meeting with all the people involved, including the Burlingames, who had engineered this new sales program. We expressed serious reservations about what they were doing and insisted that they dramatically scale back the promises being made to people. I personally asked that they fire several of the people they had hired as sales people, given what we thought was unprofessional appearance and behavior.

The Burlingames and their new business partners essentially thumbed their noses at the physicians and ignored our advice. So, of the four physicians (one radiologist, three cardiologists), three of us resigned. (The one remaining cardiologist, I believe, didn't really understand what was going on.)

Apparently, after we left, the hard sales tactics continued. The news media got hold of the story through some understandably disgruntled people, and you know the rest.

The tragedy in all this is that, as wonderful as heart scans are, they don't make money for the people who invest in the technology. In the sad case of Milwaukee Heart Scan, it meant that my former friends, the Burlingames, turned to questionable tactics to make this technology pay.

Make no mistake: Heart scans remain a wonderful medical imaging modality. EBT, in particular, remains a fabulous technology that would--even today--remain the pre-eminent means to image coronary arteries, except that GE (who acquired Imatron some years ago) decided that a more direct path to bigger revenues was to purchase Imatron, then promptly scrap the entire operation, choosing to focus on multidetector technology exclusively.

Don't let the spotty past and petty ambitions cloud the fact that heart scans remain the best way to identify and track coronary plaque. Just don't get tempted by the offer of any free scans "without obligation."

Do you work for the pharmaceutical industry?

In response to my post, Lovaza Rip-off, I received this angry comment:


Very high triglycerides, as you all know, is a very serious and life-threatening condition. Therefore, it is very important that any medication you take for treatment must be FDA proven and scientifically backed. This is true for a few reasons. First, there have been zero studies done to show the effects of Costco brand fish oil pills on patients with high triglycerides. So, you cannot assume, simply because the pills you are taking "claim" to have a certain amount of Omega 3 in the them, that they actually do (supplement labeling is self-submitted by the company, and not regulated by any external or 3rd party agency).

Secondly, the other components in fish oil, and maybe in Costco brand (no one knows because it isn't on the label) can actually inhibit the bioavailablity of Omega 3, most notably, Omega 6. And, nowhere on the Costco label does it tell you how much Omega 6 is in it. We also cannot underestimate the importance of purity with these compounds: a top selling brand of fish oil found stores like CVS was recently recalled because it was found to have large amounts of fire retardant in it! These supplements are NOT regulated by the FDA.

Thirdly, be careful when you compare costs. The cost of hospitalization due to acute pancreatitis (a risk of very high triglycerides) far outweighs the cost of taking Lovaza for even several years. If you have a real disease, you need a real drug. And, until Costco does a prospective long-term clinical trial to show that it lowers triglycerides, it should not be used in place of Lovaza.

Finally, I am a living example of how taking a high-potency supplement form of Omega 3 barely lowered my triglycerides, yet within 2 weeks of being on Lovaza there was a significant difference. I am now at my goal. So, before you knock a company, that, in my opinion, has saved my life, please do your research and do not mislead people into thinking that an Omega 3 is an Omega 3 is an Omega 3. If your insurance covers the most potent, the most pure, and the ONLY proven Omega 3 pill on the market, you should be thankful.



The comment was posted anonymously, so I don't know who it came from. But I can tell who I think it is: Someone who works for the drug industry.

This is a common phenomenon: Large corporations are fearful of the comments that are generated on internet conversations and other media. On the internet, there are actually people whose job it is to do "damage control." I suspect this came from one of them.

Why bother? Surely there are better things to do? Well, that's easy. There are billions of dollars at stake. Lovaza, in particular, is sold on the perception that it is somehow superior. If word gets out that maybe you can achieve the same results at a fraction of the cost . . .

Perhaps the "commenter" should also question whether omega-3 fatty acids can come from eating fish.

As part of my cardiology practice, I provide consultation on complex hyperlipidemias, or unusual lipid abnormalities. I have many patients with something called familial hypertriglyceridemia, a genetic condition that permits triglyceride levels of 500, 1000, even many thousands of mg/dl, levels that, as the anonymous commenter points out, can be dangerous.

I virtually never prescribe Lovaza for these people. In their treatment program, I use simple fish oil supplements, such as that from Costco, Sam's Club, or other retailers. I have not witnessed a single failure in treating these people and reducing triglycerides. People with lesser triglyceride abnormalities likewise respond very nicely to inexpensive fish oil that we can buy at the health food store. (I do rely on useful services like Consumer Reports and www.consumerlab.com to reassure us that no pesticide residues, mercury, or other contaminants are in the brands we use.) Excellent, high-quality fish oil supplements are sold by Carlson, Life Extension, Barlean's, even the Members' Mark brand from Sam's Club.

So, the notion that only prescription fish oil is capable of reducing triglycerides is, in a word, nonsense.

Take that back to your CEO.
Why is type 1 diabetes on the rise?

Why is type 1 diabetes on the rise?

Type 1 diabetes, also called "childhood" or "insulin-dependent" diabetes, is on the rise.

Type 2 diabetes, or "adult," diabetes, is also sharply escalating. But the causes for this are easy-to-identify: overconsumption of carbohydrates and resultant weight gain/obesity, inactivity, as well as genetic predisposition. A formerly rare disease is rapidly becoming the scourge of the century, expected to affect 1 in 3 adults within the next several decades.

Type 1 diabetes, on the other hand, generally occurs in young children, not uncommonly age 3 or 4. Type 1 diabetes also shares a genetic basis to some degree. But the genetic predisposition should be a constant. Obviously, lifestyle issues cannot be blamed in young children.
Then why would type 1 diabetes be on the rise?

For instance, this study by Vehik et al from the University of Colorado documents the approximate 3% per year increase in incidence in children with type 1 diabetes between 1978 and 2004:


(From Vehik 2007)

(For an excellent discussion of the increase in type 1 diabetes in the 20th century, see this review.)

This is no small matter. Just ask any parent of a child diagnosed with type 1 diabetes who, after recovering from hearing the devastating diagnosis, then has to stick her child's fingers to check glucose several times per day, mind carefully what he or she eats or doesn't eat, watch carefully for signs of life-threatening hypoglycemic episodes, not to mention worry about her child's long-term health. Type 1 diabetes is a life-changing diagnosis for both child and parents.

Various explanations have been offered to account for this disturbing trend. Some attribute it to the increase in breast feeding since 1980 (highly unlikely), exposure to some unidentified virus, or other exposures.

I'd like to offer another explanation: wheat.

Lest you accuse me of becoming obsessed with this issue, let me point out the four observations that lead me to even consider such an association:

1) Children diagnosed with celiac disease, i.e., the immune disease of wheat gluten exposure, have 10-fold greater likelihood of developing type 1 diabetes.

2) Children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes are 10-fold more likely to have abnormal levels of antibodies (e.g., transglutaminase antibodies) to wheat gluten.

3) Experimental models, such as in these mice genetically susceptible to type 1 diabetes, showed a reduction of type 1 diabetes from 64% to 15% with avoidance of wheat.

4) The increase in type 1 diabetes corresponds to the introduction of new strains of wheat that resulted from the extensive genetics research and hybridizations carried out on this plant in the 1960s. In particular, unique protein antigens (immune-provoking sequences) were introduced with the dwarf variant attributable to alterations in the "D" genome of modern Triticum aestivum.

Proving the point is tough: Would you enroll your newborn in a study of wheat-containing diet versus no wheat, then watch for 10 years to see which group develops more type 1 diabetes? It is a doable study, just a logistical nightmare. Perhaps the point will be settled as more and more people catch onto the fact that modern wheat--or this thing we are being sold called "wheat"--is a corrupt and destructive "foodstuff" and eliminate it from their lives and the lives of their young children from birth onwards. Then a comparison of wheat-consuming versus non-wheat-consuming populations could be made. But it will be many years before this crucial question is settled.

Yet again, however, the footprints in the sand seem to lead back to wheat as potentially underlying an incredible amount of human illness and suffering. Yes, the stuff our USDA puts at the bottom, widest part of the food pyramid.

Comments (43) -

  • Marc

    2/16/2011 1:22:50 PM |

    Don't know about obsessed...but how can we not be "blown away" continuosly by everything we see all around us.

    I'm disgusted with the school system feeding my kids nothing but candy and cupcakes on an almost daily basis.

    Maybe youre right maybe wheat is the big villain, but mostly all I can really see is that what's being consumed as food...has nothing to do with actual food.

    I'm getting sadder by the way about it...but all i can do is live by example....and share some resources for people to look into...only if they ask.

    Thanks for all you do Doc.

    Marc

  • Steve Cooksey

    2/16/2011 1:50:42 PM |

    Dr. Davis,

    I think the rise in Type 1 Diabetes  *could* be a combination of several factors.

    1) Increase in inflammation due to wheat, sugar etc.

    2) Reduced D3 levels AND exposure to sunshine

    3) Reduced Cholesterol levels, which further impacts the D3 processing.

    Thoughts?

    Steve

  • Pater_Fortunatos

    2/16/2011 1:52:36 PM |

    In Romania there was even a campaign for small kids (6-10 years), named "Pretzel and Milk" (Cornul și laptele).
    Every kid got a daily pretzel and one dose of milk. The perfect recipe for addiction, ADHD, obesity and eventually a few autoimmune diseases.

    And of course, diabetes!
    ............................
    http://arthritis-research.com/content/12/6/147

    The autoimmune tautology refers to the fact that autoimmune diseases share several clinical signs and symptoms, physiopathologic mechanisms, and genetic factors and this fact indicates that they have a common origin (Table 1). In the previous issue of Arthritis Research & Therapy, Eyre and colleagues [1] report that variation within the TAGAP gene, at 6q25.3, is associated with three autoimmune diseases, namely rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, and coeliac disease, in Caucasians.
    .......................

    This link provide a few important details:

    http://www.mucosalbarrier.com/

    ............................
    Mainstream medical knowledge, ignores gliadin capacity to increase Zonulin secretion, therefore increasing mucosal permeability.

    Same eeffect for lactose, but another mechanism

  • The Naked Carnivore

    2/16/2011 2:10:59 PM |

    It would also be useful to examine the carb load in the mother's diet. All that blood sugar is "feeding" the fetus.

  • Anonymous

    2/16/2011 2:14:13 PM |

    A good friend of mine who researches diabetes for a big pharma company in the Northern Illinois area told me there is evidence that if type 2 is not diagnosed it can eventually damage the pancreas and shut it down, causing type 1. It works by damaging a cellular function, which I, not being a scientist, cannot remember the term for. I would bet many children and young adults have the symptoms of type 2 and are oblivious to them, which in some may lead to type 1.

  • Anne

    2/16/2011 2:15:00 PM |

    There is more on T1DM and gluten in The Gluten File  Be sure to also check out "the more on Type 1 Diabetes" link

    One abstract is a case report:"We report on a 15-y-old adolescent boy affected by silent coeliac disease, abnormalities in glycoregulation and with autoantibodies specific to diabetes mellitus type 1 (ICA: islet cell antibodies) and GAD 65 (autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase), in whom normalization of glycoregulation and disappearance of the immunological markers of pre-diabetes were observed after 6 mo on a gluten-free diet. The patient was followed-up for 36 mo and showed a normal insulin response to an intravenous glucose tolerance test and no markers of autoimmunity. It is possible that undiagnosed coeliac disease over a long period could lead to a direct autoimmune mechanism against pancreatic beta cells. Conclusion: Our findings seem to confirm the theory that undiagnosed coeliac disease can induce an autoimmune process against the pancreatic beta cells and that, following a gluten-free diet, the immunological markers for diabetes mellitus type 1 will disappear." PMID: 12434905 2002

  • Brent

    2/16/2011 2:47:05 PM |

    If modern wheat is causing an increase in type 1 diabetes, it would have to be from an effect OTHER than the blood sugar spikes it causes.

    Two days ago I tried a pasta made from 100% einkorn, a grain unaltered for thousands of years.  The blood sugar results were terrible:

    Before meal:    108
    30 min after:   149
    45 min after:   132
    60 min after:   170
    120 min after:  180

    I do not dismiss that some component of modern wheat may be causing the increase in type 1 diabetes, but it is certainly not the blood sugar spikes as these seem to occur with old world wheat as well as modern.

  • Dr. William Davis

    2/16/2011 3:12:17 PM |

    Hi, Steve--

    Yes, indeed. The vitamin D issue is a real issue, as well, that has been shown to be involved in the type 1 occurrence.

    However, I am skeptical that this is responsible for the increase in incidence.

  • Dr. William Davis

    2/16/2011 3:34:14 PM |

    Thanks, Anne. A very persuasive case.


    Brent--The effect would likely have to be due to the gluten, since that is the most immunogenic of all wheat-related proteins.

    "Gluten" is really a large family of proteins that vary in structure and is highly immune-stimulating.

  • Anonymous

    2/16/2011 4:05:56 PM |

    Should I be tested for celiac disease?  I just learned about the possible connection between autoimmune diseases and grains two weeks ago.  I have allopecia areata and hashimoto's thyroditis and no doctor ever mentioned this possible connection.  Since I heard this two weeks ago I've been trying to learn more and have also started cutting out wheat (but I might still be getting some, I'm new at this) and to some extent other grains.  Then I read that in order to be tested I have to be eating gluten.  Some internet articles say it is important not to stop wheat before getting tested because then going back on gluten to do the test could cause "irreparable damage".  That scared me.  But won't I be doing damage continuing to eat wheat also? I have a dr appt. in 1 month.  Should I start eating wheat again in hopes that my doctor will be interested enough in this to test me at that time?  Wouldn't continuing to eat wheat for a month also cause damage?  I'm confused by the various recomendations and will have to wait a month to talk to a doctor face to face.  I also am nervous that my doctor might not be up on this research because he has never mentioned any possible grain/autoimmune connections so far.   Thanks for any insight you can provide.

  • Nigel Kinbrum

    2/16/2011 4:50:33 PM |

    I second Steve Cooksey.

    Both decreasing Vitamin D status & increasing wheat consumption adversely affect tight junctions in the gut. See Keep 'em tight.

  • Josh

    2/16/2011 4:56:03 PM |

    There has also been a big increase in gestational diabetes.

    Perhaps this is activating T1D genes in utero?

  • Might-o'chondri-AL

    2/16/2011 5:24:06 PM |

    T1DM "... occurs age 3" (or  4)suggests to me a pre-natal epigenetic program keyed to kick in post-natal, after certain developmental (infancy) physical consolidation, yet  before adolescent growth spurt (6?). Wheat can concievably share getting the blame of pushing child's metabolism over the edge with a host of other modern environmental insults, that are themselves capable of engendering epigenetic distortion pre- & post-natally.

  • Anonymous

    2/16/2011 7:16:51 PM |

    If, indeed, wheat is responsible for Type 1 diabetes it should be clearly visible in cross-country studies. The Japanese along with many other Asian countries (but not, e.g. northern China) consume little wheat. What's happening to them with regard to Type 1 diabetes?

  • water

    2/16/2011 11:05:32 PM |

    This study showed that avfoiding casein can help children at risk for T1. (this doesn't exonerate gluten, of course.)

    http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1004809

    "Early exposure to complex dietary proteins may increase the risk of beta-cell autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in children with genetic susceptibility. We tested the hypothesis that supplementing breast milk with highly hydrolyzed milk formula would decrease the cumulative incidence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in such children."

  • Dr. William Davis

    2/16/2011 11:40:36 PM |

    Anonymous about testing for celiac markers--

    This is a fairly complicated discussion that will be covered in a future post.

    In the meantime, it is a rock and a hard place issue. You do indeed need to consume wheat gluten for around 6 weeks to regenerate positive gluten markers like endomysial antibody.

  • revelo

    2/17/2011 1:10:12 AM |

    Several people (including Colin Campbell of "The China Study" fame, I know you don't think too highly of him) suggest that cow's milk is the problem. Cow's milk contains some proteins that are very similar to human proteins. When the human body attacks these milk proteins, it also attacks the pancreas as a side-effect. Colin Campbell supports this theory with the following evidence. Type I diabetes (and a number of other chronic diseases) were common in the 19th and early 20th century among Scandinavians living in the inland mountainous area, who ate a great deal of dairy products, but rare among those living near the coast, who ate little dairy but lots of fish.

    Fish consumption would also boost vitamin D, but I am skeptical that vit D deficiency is the cause of type I diabetes, for the following reason. Rickets due to Vitamin D deficiency was widespread among the poor in big cities of the northern United States in the late 19th century, especially among dark-skinned people. But I don't recall reading of a scourge of type I diabetes among the poor back then. The poor couldn't afford much milk then, but now they can, and the milk is now fortified with vitamin D. So we get,

    Then: no cow's milk for the poor, record of widespread rickets indicating widespread vitamin D deficiency, no record of widespread type I diabetes.

    Now: plenty of cow's milk consumption, cow's milk is now fortified with vitamin D, rickets eradicated, rising incidence of type I diabetes.

  • Anonymous

    2/17/2011 2:10:22 AM |

    research on gluten's role in T1:

    http://www.ohri.ca/profiles/scott.asp

  • Daniel A. Clinton, RN, BSN

    2/17/2011 2:27:58 AM |

    Clearly, the cause of Type I diabetes, and its rising incidence, is multifactorial. I think the data implicating Vitamin D deficiency is strong, and a reasonable mechanism is there. It seems likely to me more than one mechanism is capable of producing beta cell destruction, and certainly it requires an overlapping set of phenomena to trigger the immune system to attack the beta cells of the pancreas. I do believe those phenomena are less likely to occur in a child with adequate Vitamin D levels.

  • Patricia D.

    2/17/2011 3:17:38 AM |

    While I believe it clear that wheat plays a role in type II diabetes - I think it's less clear that it plays any role in the onset of type I diabetes. I can't say that wheat doesn't become a factor after onset though.  

    However, this presentation by the late, great Dr. Frank Garland explores the striking role of VD3 deficiency on the rate of diabetes type I in children in Finland.  
    http://www.ucsd.tv/search-details.aspx?showID=15771

    And there seems to be a clear role of VD32 deficiency in Type II diabetes as well - though not as dramatic.
    http://www.vitamindcouncil.org/researchDiabetes.shtml

    So while I personally believe that Wheat is clearly a factor in diabetes type II - it seems that VD3 deficiency magnifies and complicates the risk.

  • anonymous re celiac testing

    2/17/2011 3:23:10 AM |

    Thank you for your response Dr. Davis.  It is frustrating to be in between a rock and a hard place but ultimately I feel lucky that I have this information and can start exploring it further.  I feel hopeful now that there may be more I can do besides just cross my fingers and hope for the best.  Thank you for your blog, I look forward to your future posts!

  • Patricia D.

    2/17/2011 3:36:23 AM |

    Okay - this is England - not Colorado - but it makes a point.  BABIES going to the emergency room with brain seizures as a result of Vitamin D deficiency.  Kids just aren't getting outside anymore - and often when they do they're slathered in sunscreen which stops VD3 production in the skin.

    http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23876481-children-who-shun-the-sun-go-to-casualty-with-seizures.do
    *

  • Art Sands MD

    2/17/2011 4:48:37 AM |

    Dr. Davis - recent study in Finland   - they increased RDA of D3 to 2000 IU - decreased Type 1 DM in kids by 76%

    Art Sands MD

  • reikime

    2/17/2011 6:13:58 AM |

    Anonymous,

    There is a great book called "Celiac Disease, A Hidden Epidemic" by Peter H.R. Green MD. He is a nationally recognized expert.
    It is a very well written book for patients AND Docs who can admit if they don't have all the current info on celiac. The number who can't is staggering! (sorry docs out there) lol

    Read it first, then if your doctor doesn't agree with him,  consider getting another opinion. IMHO..as an RN deeply involved with celiac research.
    Good Luck!

  • Anonymous

    2/17/2011 7:09:34 AM |

    Type 1 diabetes can also be on the rise because - I don't know - MORE CHILDREN ARE BEING BORN?

    And grains/wheat are not the killer, as study after study shows that people who eat grains/wheat live longer than those that don't.

  • Lisa

    2/17/2011 3:13:02 PM |

    Revelo
    Another difference between "then" and "now" might be what the cows were eating. Probably grass then and grain now, which leads to them needing antibiotics, etc.

  • Anonymous

    2/17/2011 4:27:31 PM |

    Gluten and a particular beta-casein (BCM7 in A1 milk)
    have a similar negative effect biologically. Please see this:

    "His work related to both gluten,
    which is somatically quite similar to the BCM7 as well as to milk and casein, and the agribusiness industries over there were very, very negative"

    http://www.guernsey.net/~wgcf/PageMill_Resources/Acres_Woodford.pdf

  • reikime

    2/17/2011 6:55:56 PM |

    Anon,
    I can't get your link to work regarding the guernsey.net...

  • Might-o'chondri-AL

    2/18/2011 5:31:10 AM |

    About that A1 beta casein peptide implicated in health refered to earlier.

    A cultured milk, especially one of mixed bacteria and mycotic microrganisms like Kefir, might have enough proteolytic action(protein cleaving) to render a different peptide. Bacteria use their amino-peptidase enzymes to get amino acids they can use from protein molecules (peptide chains).

    The theory of A1 cow's casein causing "x" disease in lab animals should have a Kefir
    cultured A1 milk control. It would be a step toward proving no one's individual gut
    microbiome has a chance to neutralize A1 casein.

  • Anonymous

    2/18/2011 3:33:05 PM |

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  • Daniel

    2/18/2011 3:45:53 PM |

    Two othe rmajor things have changed in the last 50 years...  

    1.  Vit D levels have dropped due to sun-avoidance and the proliferation of indoor jobs.

    2.  Linoleic acid (omega 6) consumption has risen dramatically.  At the same time, omega 3 consumption has fallen.

    I'm not saying gluten is also a factor (and maybe a big one), but I suspect vit D and polyunsaturated fat are the more important culprits.

  • reikime

    2/18/2011 5:25:19 PM |

    Got it, thanks Nigel!

  • Against the Grain

    2/18/2011 6:12:31 PM |

    Dr. Davis, I was just wondering how your theory correlates with historical wheat intake.

    According to the USDA, per capita wheat consumption in the U.S. was 225 pounds in 1879.  In 1997, it was 147 pounds.  It has, however, been on a rise since bottoming out at 110 pounds in 1972.

    I'm not a data cruncher so I can't interpret these numbers.  But perhaps another HSB reader can.

    http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/wheat/background.htm

    Scroll down to "U.S. Wheat Use."

  • Against the Grain

    2/18/2011 8:58:42 PM |

    A chart with the above info graphed.

    http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/wheat/Gallery/Consumption/WheatConsumption.jpg

  • Might-o'chondri-AL

    2/18/2011 9:05:00 PM |

    Help me out here, please, on the vitamin D trail.

    Osteo-calcin, a hormone from bone osteo-blasts, raises pancreas Beta cell insulin production and makes fat cell raise adiponectin level for better insulin sensitivity. But, in insulin resistance (diabetes prelude) patients have low circulating osteo-calcin and low numbers of osteo-blasts.

    Osteo-blasts, bone builders,   have their own insulin receptors. They also respond to acidic pH conditions. Maybe a reader knows how acidic things have to get for them (osteo-blasts) to go and trigger osteo-clasts to resorb bone.

    The relevance of the preceeding is: this bone dynamic, of osteo-blasts influencing osteo-clasts goes on to then put osteo-calcin into circulation as an "active" hormone.

    Type 1 diabetic children are susceptible to weak bones; their osteo-clasts apparently provoke re-uptake of excessive bone - a pH driven reaction. And their poor insulin sensitivity seems to indicate osteo-calcin is not at work. I'm stuck on a paradox here somebody might understand.

    Now, diabetics show excessively elevated glycated haemoglobin (HbAC1 indicates high blood glucose persistant enough to stick to haemoglobin). High HbAC1is also seen in low "active" vitamin D individuals. It seems low active D is responsible for D's upstream default on maintaining enough osteo-calcin.
    Raise active D and HbAC1 drops, because osteo-calcin doing it's job improving insulin sensitivity to keep blood glucose controled.

    If someone can connect the way we normally get enough osteo-calcin active  without osteo-clasts tearing down bones please do tell. Is vitamin D able to keep bone pH in a just right
    "sweet spot" by controlling
    calcium ion homeo-stasis in the
    skeleton?

  • Dr. William Davis

    2/19/2011 12:53:00 AM |

    Re: dairy products

    I agree that the product of bovine mammary glands are a problem, as well. However, the magnitude of the problem, I believe, is several orders less than that of wheat.

    Beyond lactose intolerance and allergies to various dairy proteins, I worry about its 1) minor exorphin effect, and 2) the insulinotrophic (insulin-provoking) effect. But, all in all, I still think that wheat--modern wheat--is king in generating adverse effects.

  • Cherry Chapman

    2/20/2011 3:08:26 PM |

    quDear Dr. Davis,
           I do not live in the states anymore, but in addition to the every present processed wheat that we can blame, the diets of American children are just plain pitiful, sky high is all sorts of sugars and processed foods.
    I know that there is a small minority of food conscious American parents, but the vast majority  of children are hooked on juices, sugar sodas, kool aid, fake ice cream, sugary processed cereals, fast foods, chips, sugared salad dressings, and canned and boxed this and that, along with factory breads, and sweets.
    Fruits and vegetables are bred for shelf life rather than taste in the US. To me they taste like plastic in comparison to the fruits and vegetables here in France.
    American children are fed processed junk in  the schools supplied by the USDA.
    Here in Paris, all schools use organic meats and vegetables, The children have 1 and half to 2 hours for lunch. The menus  are given to the parents and are online.  They are 5 courses, including a cheese and fruit
    course and sound like a gourmet restaurant menu!!
    Healthy eating is very highly promoted to children here from a very early age.
    Paradoxically, you rarely see wheat bellies here, though the French usually start their day with a half baguette, thickly buttered in addition to bread at each meal. Big difference is most families buy artisanal bread from highly talented bakers, who generally do not use industrial grade flours.
    I could drone on, but American parents need to start cooking real foods , make family meals a time of sharing at a table, and not gobbled in front of the TV.
    What you grow up eating at home and at school will dictate your food tastes and preferences in the future, so you have to present healthy foods from infancy.
    Keep fighting to present the truth Dr. Davis!
    Cherry Chapman

  • Nigel Kinbrum

    2/21/2011 4:45:54 PM |

    revelo said...
    "Now: plenty of cow's milk consumption, cow's milk is now fortified with vitamin D, rickets eradicated, rising incidence of type I diabetes."
    1) UVB exposure (& supplementation) dictates Vitamin D levels in the body, not food/drink.
    2) Lack of rickets =/= Sufficient Vitamin D for proper gut permeability.

  • cwells

    2/21/2011 10:54:49 PM |

    pure bunk as many adults are becoming type 1 diabetics and it is no longer revered to as Childhood or Juvenile diabetics as many adults such as my self are becoming type 1's, (at age 24), for no discernible reason, It's simply refereed to as type 1 diabetes as it is the same disease, weather you get it as a child or adult it's the same thing.

  • Reijo Laatikainen

    2/22/2011 1:11:32 PM |

    @Art Sands MD .This vitamin D data bases on data from 1970s and is a cohort study (not RCT). Interesting though: and here is the link to the study: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11705562

  • Yvonne

    5/17/2011 4:40:48 PM |

    I agree with wheat being a major reason for type 1 diabetes being on the rise. Another possible major player:  Untreated or undertreated hypothyroidism.  I believe that the increasing numbers of morbidly obese people walking on the streets in America may be hypothyroid, either undertreated or untreated, and iodine deficient due to drinking and bathing in fluoridated water.

    Many years ago, Dr. Broda Barnes noted several connections between diabetes and hypothyroidism. In his book, Hypothyroidism: The Unsuspected Illness, he wrote:  "I argue emphatically that since so many of the symptoms and complications of hypothyroidism are identical with those of diabetes, every patient with diabetes should have a basal temperature check and, if the temperature is subnormal, a trial of thyroid therapy." He further said that his diabetic patients who also received thyroid therapy were remarkably free of diabetic complications such as peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy and so on.

  • Dismayed American

    8/9/2011 4:36:04 AM |

    http://www.realmilk.com/raw.html

    http://realmilk.com/milkcure.html

    http://realmilk.com/why.html

    http://www.realmilk.com/testimonials.html

    http://www.realmilk.com/abc-news-raw-milk-story.html

    These are great reads for opening eyes. As an american I believe that what we need is a real milk campaign!

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